The ADMS cable usually only makes one connection: to the data input of the radio. My Yaesu VX5r also uses the 4 conductor plug. The second "ring" from the tip is the data connector (from Yaesu's manual), and when I opened up my programming cable I verified only two wires are used by the circuitry to connect to the radio(DATA and GROUND).
APRS/TNC need access to audio and mic/PTT lines. Basically your TNC "listens" to the audio from you radio and decodes data from what we hear as bursts of noise. It can also "key" the radio and generate its own noise just like a human operator talking into a mic. So you programming cable is going to be useless because it never connects to the audio/mic lines (these connections are the tip and third ring of the 4 conductor plug)
I dont know about damaging the TNC, but I doubt you will damage the radio if you did try. the radio should ignore anything on its DATA connection unless its in clone mode. Don't take my word for it, its best (and cheaper) to err on the side of caution!
Follow whatever instructions you may have received with the KPC or check out
www.packetradio.com - they have alot of good interfacing information.
Mark
KC0HBM